Local scientists create ‘mini livers’ to trial therapies for liver diseases – The Straits Times

Local scientists here have successfully created human liver organoids, or "mini livers", to help them develop and trial therapies for various liver diseases.

This is part of a research collaboration between the Agency for Science, Technology and Research's Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) and the National University of Singapore (NUS). The liver organoids, each with a diameter of around 0.5mm, are able to capture the functional and structural features of the human liver.

Cultivated in vitro in a petri dish, the organoids are grown outside the body from stem cells, which are initially reprogrammed from human skin cells over a three-month period.

To better understand the effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the organ, the liver organoid cells are supplemented with a fatty acid-rich nutrient, to replicate the effect of high carbohydrate and fatty food intake, which is said to be the primary cause of the disease.

Characterised by the building up of fat in the livers of people who consume little to no alcohol, the disease is often associated with obesity and Type 2 diabetes, affecting up to a third of the local adult population.

When fatty food is consumed, hepatocytes, which make up around 80 per cent of the cells within the liver, help to store and process excess fats.

Cholesterol from these fats are then secreted into liver canals known as the bile canaliculi, before reaching the gastrointestinal system where it is absorbed into the blood.

However, too much fat being accumulated in the liver may result in disruptions to the structure and function of the hepatocyte cells, while the bile canaliculi may end up being shortened or diminished.

When combined, this could lead to liver injury, eventually hampering the organ's function over time.

In more severe cases, the disease could lead to liver cancer and liver cirrhosis, where the liver no longer functions properly, owing to long-term damage.

Liver organoids developing in a dish (far left) and a visualisation of different cell types and liver structures in the organoids, including hepatocyte cells and bile canaliculi (both in green). PHOTO: GENOME INSTITUTE OF SINGAPORE

Associate Professor Dan Yock Young of NUS' Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine said: "Patients with early stage NAFLD remain largely asymptomatic, and the disease progresses silently over the years.

"What drives the disease progression and liver injury remains largely unknown. The development of advanced human liver models of the disease will provide a critical tool for researchers to identify molecular drivers of the disease."

Through the liver organoid model, scientists can observe and capture molecular and structural changes of the liver as the disease progresses - all within the course of a week.

In addition, the organoid model could also serve as a useful tool for drug testing and screening, given that there are currently no approved therapies for NAFLD.

As the disease is closely associated with obesity, the treatment recommendations for patients with liver disease are often dietary and lifestyle changes.

Professor Ng Huck Hui, senior group leader at GIS, said: "The increase in prevalence of liver disease and the lack of therapeutics place a huge burden on healthcare systems worldwide.

"There is a dire need to better understand liver biology in order to develop advanced cellular models of disease, and novel therapies."

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Can banking your stem cells prevent aging? | Well+Good

Ugggghh, getting old sucks!Its something you hear all the time, right? From a 31-year-old, suddenly unable to have two glasses of wine without waking up hungover the next day. A 43-year-old with a bum knee. A 65-year-old who cant remember where she put her keys. And on. And on. And on.

As conventional wisdomhas it, the effects of aging are non-negotiable. Plus, people are living longer than ever, which potentially means more years spent in less-than-optimal condition. But proponents of a new technologystem-cell bankingclaim getting older doesnt have to come with the irreversible downward health spiral weve all been conditioned to expect. Their claim: Storing and eventually re-injecting your own adult stem cells may help your body heal the first signs of age-related disease down the line, keeping you feeling vital longer.

Sounds intriguingbut is it legit?

Heres the deal: Stem cellsare unspecialized cellsthat have the potential to multiply and grow into many different types of cells throughout the body, from bone to muscle to neuron and beyond. By extracting and freezing these repair cells from your own bodybanking them, essentiallythe idea is that when your health starts to decline, you can have them reinserted into your body right at the site of the problem. If you start suffering from arthritis, for example, your stored stem cells would be inserted into your joints so healthy cells will multiply and take over, theoretically eliminating your pain.

One such stem-cell preservation company isForever Labs, which is currently working with physicians in Los Angeles, New York, Miami, Boston, Washington, DC, and more.Forever Labs was born out of our own mid-life crises, says strategic growth expert Steve Clausnitzer, who co-founded the biz with friend and longtime stem-cell researcher Mark Katakowski, PhD.Three years ago, I was turning 40, and I said to Steve, Im convinced that I want to have my young cells later in life, Katakowski says. And he said, You know what? Id like to have that too.

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Those young cells they were talking about are, of course, stem cells. Doctors are already using these to help the body heal, taking healthy stem cells from a strong part of the body and immediately transplanting them to whatever area new cells are needed. Orthopedic surgeons and sports medicine doctors use bone marrow-derived stem cells to treat injuries, including joint issues and musculoskeletal problems. Theyre regularly used for skin graftsand forcancer patients, replacing blood-formingcellsdestroyed by chemo or radiation.

Armin Tehrany, MD, founder of Manhattan Orthopedic Care(who is unaffiliated with Forever Labs), sees stem-cell therapy as an effective form of treatmentat least in his field of medicinealthough he admits scientists arent exactly sure how or why it works. There are theories that what [stem cells] do is attach to the bodys actual tissue and potentially change the tissue turning those cells on so they become what theyre supposed to be, as opposed to being degenerated part of the tissue, he says.

Banking yourself basically creates a pool of young biology that doesnt experience the wear and tear of life. Steve Clausnitzer, Forever Labs cofounder

Yet, as Katakowski will tell you, one of the sad truths about stem cells is that they lose function as they age. For 17 years, Id been working with bone-marrow stem cells developing treatment for stroke and other neural injuries and diseases, learning firsthand the therapeutic value of the cells, but also that the number of cells and their efficacy is less with age, he explains.

Thats where stem cell banking comes in. Extracting them from your bone marrow or fat stores and cryogenically freezing them while theyre still young and strong is an entirely new concept. (In fact, Forever Labs is the first company thats set on using stem cells to extend human healthspans.) But that may be about to change. Theres been an explosion of clinical application of this knowledgea couple hundred clinical studies at last count,Katakowski says.

Why bank your own stem cells, as opposed to, say, getting them from a younger donor? The short answer is that if you want to replace tissue, you need your own cells, Katakowski says. There is some evidence that you can get some acute benefit using someone elses, but its a short kind of benefit because cells dont stick around. Your body finds them and weeds them out. (Its similar to the way bodies sometimes reject a transplanted organthat means theres no bank-one-for-the-whole-family type of deal.)

Katakowski believes the best time to bank stem cells is between the ages of 20 and 40. That said, he still advises older people to do it, toohis mother banked hers at 70. Dr. Tehrany says its more important to consider your health than actual age when considering any type of stem-cell therapy. Someone can be 75, butphysiologically and genetically be 55, he says. [Conversely,] if someones overall health is declining, its safe to say their stem cell functionality is declining too.

So lets say you buy into this whole freezing-your-stem-cells thing. When, exactly, would you ask for them back? According to Katakowski and Clausnitzer, the time to use them is when you start experiencing undesirable health impacts brought on by aging. This can be caused by something sudden, like having a stroke, or something you notice gradually, like a slow decline in memory. At that point, a doctor would inject your stored stem cells back into the affected body part. (Or partsbecause, lets be honest, aging is a full-body kind of deal.)In theory, the stem cells would then help the not-so-healthy tissue regenerate and become more vital.

Emphasis on the theory part. Since the technology is still so new, its actual success rate is still very much TBD. While Forever Labs has undertaken many encouraging studies with mice, the companys human studiesmore than 700 of themare still underway, and it will take years to see the long-term effects. Dr. Tehrany affirms that this is cutting-edge stuff, and the scientific backup just isnt there yet. But that doesnt mean hes ruling out the stem-cell banking concept. Based on how successful stem cells are as a treatment, I do think its important to respect and value the potential of them as a preventative, he says.

Theres also the lingering thought that maybe youll get lucky and age without any problems at all. Then, wouldnt it be a huge waste of money to pay for decades of stem-cell freezing? (At $2,500 for the procedure and $300 a year for storage, it isnt cheap.) After all, theres tons of emerging research that indicates a healthy diet and regular exercisecan go a long way in preventing age-related declineand those are basically free.(Ah, the boring, yet sound advice thats been preached for decades.)

Clausnitzer personally believes its not wise to play the odds. Theres a lot of evidence that as you get into middle age, all this damage accrues in your cells and a lot of that is irreversible, such as DNA mutations, Clausnitzer says. Banking yourself basically creates a pool of young biology that doesnt experience the wear and tear of life. So what you bank is kind of like the seeds that you can use to grow many, many of your own young stem cells to treat yourself.

Ultimately, no so-called illness-proofing option comes with any guarantees, making the choice a totally personal one. But it does raise the question: If youre 90 years old, but your cells are only 40, how old are you really?

Speaking of longevity, this is the type of exercise thatll add years to your life. Having these personality traits helps, too.

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Can banking your stem cells prevent aging? | Well+Good

Expected Growth In Stem Cells Market from 2020-2026 to Guide : Trends, Analysis by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application – Owned

Detailed Analysis & SWOT analysis, Stem Cells Market Trends 2020, Stem Cells Market Growth 2020, Stem Cells Industry Share 2020, Stem Cells Industry Size, Stem Cells Market Research, Stem Cells Market Analysis, Stem Cells market Report speaks about the manufacturing process. The process is analyzed thoroughly with respect three points, viz. raw material and equipment suppliers, various manufacturing associated costs (material cost, labor cost, etc.) and the actual process of whole Enterprise Stem Cells Market.

Stem Cells market 2020 is a professional and in-intensity look at on the modern state of the key-word industry. The document provides a simple review of the key-word marketplace together with definitions, classifications, programs and chain shape. The key-word enterprise evaluation is supplied for the worldwide marketplace which include improvement records, competitive landscape evaluation, and principal local development popularity.

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The Stem Cells marketplace file elaborates Stem Cells industry evaluation with various definitions and category, Product kinds & its packages and chain shape. Stem Cells market document presentations the manufacturing, sales, charge, and market proportion and boom rate of every type as following.

2020 Short Detail of this Stem Cells market report:

Stem cells are a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to differentiate into specialized cell types. Commonly, stem cells come from two main sources: Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological development (embryonic stem cells) and Adult tissue (adult stem cells).

Both types are generally characterized by their potency, or potential to differentiate into different cell types (such as skin, muscle, bone, etc.).

Market Analysis and Insights: Global Stem Cells Market

In 2019, the global Stem Cells market size was expected to grow by the end of 2026, with a steady rate of CAGR during 2021-2026.

Global Stem Cells Scope and Market Size

Stem Cells market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Stem Cells market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Type and by Application in terms of revenue and forecast for the period 2015-2026.

Segment by Type, the Stem Cells market is segmented into Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell, Embryonic Stem Cell, Adult Stem Cell, Other, etc.

Segment by Application, the Stem Cells market is segmented into Diseases Therapy, Healthcare, etc.

Regional and Country-level Analysis

The Stem Cells market is analysed and market size information is provided by regions (countries).

The key regions covered in the Stem Cells market report are North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Central & South America, etc.

The report includes country-wise and region-wise market size for the period 2015-2026. It also includes market size and forecast by Type, and by Application segment in terms of revenue for the period 2015-2026.

Competitive Landscape and Stem Cells Market Share Analysis

Stem Cells market competitive landscape provides details and data information by vendors. The report offers comprehensive analysis and accurate statistics on revenue by the player for the period 2015-2020. It also offers detailed analysis supported by reliable statistics on revenue (global and regional level) by player for the period 2015-2020. Details included are company description, major business, company total revenue and the revenue generated in Stem Cells business, the date to enter into the Stem Cells market, Stem Cells product introduction, recent developments, etc.

The major vendors include CCBC, Vcanbio, Boyalife, Beikebiotech, etc.

This report focuses on the global Stem Cells status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players. The study objectives are to present the Stem Cells development in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Central & South America.

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Stem Cells Market by Product Type:

Stem Cells Market by Applications:

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Next part of the Stem Cells Market analysis report speaks about the manufacturing process. The process is analysed thoroughly with respect three points, viz. raw material and equipment suppliers, various manufacturing associated costs (material cost, labour cost, etc.) and the actual process. Stem Cells market competition by top manufacturers, with production, price, and revenue (value) and market share for each manufacturer as per following;

Top Manufacturer Included in Stem Cells Market:

And More

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After the basic information, the Stem Cells report sheds light on the production, production plants, their capacities, global production and revenue are studied. Also, the Stem Cells Market growth in various regions and R&D status are also covered.

Stem Cells Market Report by Key Region:

The global Stem Cells market is anticipated to rise at a considerable rate during the forecast period, between 2020 and 2026. In 2020, the market was growing at a mild rate and with the rising adoption of strategies by key players, the market is predicted to rise over the projected horizon. The report also tracks the most recent market dynamics, like driving factors, restraining factors, and industry news like mergers, acquisitions, and investments.

The report can help to know the market and strategize for business expansion accordingly. Within the strategy analysis, it gives insights from market positioning and marketing channel to potential growth strategies, providing in-depth analysis for brand fresh entrants or exists competitors within the Stem Cells industry. Global Stem Cells Market Report 2020 provides exclusive statistics, data, information, trends and competitive landscape details during this niche sector.

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Further in the report, Stem Cells Market is examined for price, cost and gross revenue. These three points are analysed for types, companies and regions. In prolongation with this data sale price for various types, applications and region is also included. The Stem Cells Industry consumption for major regions is given. Additionally, type wise and application wise consumption figures are also given.

To provide information on competitive landscape, this report includes detailed profiles of Stem Cells Market key players. For each player, product details, capacity, price, cost, gross and revenue numbers are given. Their contact information is provided for better understanding.

Other Major Topics Covered in Stem Cells market research report are as follows:

And another component .

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Expected Growth In Stem Cells Market from 2020-2026 to Guide : Trends, Analysis by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application - Owned

The Baxter Foundation supports USC research on epilepsy and lung injury – USC News

The Donald E. and Delia B. Baxter Foundation is supporting innovative biomedical research at the Keck School of Medicine of USC by granting $100,000 awards to two assistant professors: Vishal Patel, MD, PhD, in the USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI) and Ya-Wen Chen, PhD, in the USC Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and the Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC. In addition, the foundation has given $100,000 in support of the Medical Student Summer Research Fellowship program at the Keck School.

Patel will use his award to study regions of abnormal brain tissue that cause seizures in epilepsy patients using ultra-high field 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The INIs Siemens Magnetom Terra is the most powerful MRI scanner that is FDA-approved for clinical use, and one of only two such systems currently operating in the United States. This unique instrument will allow Patel to generate extremely highresolution, tailored images of patients brains to pinpoint irregularities.

We hope that this approach will allow us to identify abnormal brain tissue in more individuals compared to standard MRI, Patel said, and thus offer thepotential for a surgical cure to more of our patients who suffer fromdrug-resistant epilepsy.

Chen will use her $100,000 Baxter award to determine how stem cells repair lung injuries in human patients.

To study this process, Chen and her team will collect adult skin or blood cells, reprogram them into induced pluripotent stem cells, and direct them to generate a specific type of lung stem cell. The scientists will then direct these lung stem cells to develop into simplified lung structures known as organoids.

Were using lung organoids to take a close look at two key molecular signalscalled hypoxic and Wntthat determine whether lungs repair themselves well or badly, said Chen, who is an assistant professor of medicine, and stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. This could offer important clues about how we can avoid bad repair, such as fibrosis, in patients with serious lung injuries due to acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Since 1959, the Baxter Foundation has supported USCs early-career investigators and medical students as they perform research to develop new treatments for patients. USC is one of several California educational and scientific institutions that have benefitted from the foundations longstanding commitment to advancing research and medical innovations.

We are so pleased to be able to continue our support of USC with these new awards to Drs. Chen and Patel, and with the research fellowships for medical students, said Jane Haake Russell, president of the Baxter Foundation. By supporting these gifted researchers at the beginning of their careers, we are able to fulfill the foundations important mission of advancing medical research to develop new approaches for alleviating pain and prolonging human life.

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The Baxter Foundation supports USC research on epilepsy and lung injury - USC News

Adult Stem Cell Success Story Leukemia | BRMS

When doctors diagnosed Mary Lou Rusco with leukemia, Steve Rusco did what any other husband would do: he went looking for answers in hopes of saving the life of his wife. What he discovered scared him.

Youd like to think that medicine always has an answer, recalls Steve as he searched for treatments and cures to the blood disease that claims the life of nearly half of all leukemia patients. But I soon became aware there was not an answer. There was nothing that they could do to cure Mary Lous leukemia other than maybe put it into remission. Even if they did that, the leukemia showed that it could come back.

In fact, chemotherapy treatment did place Mary Lous leukemia into remission, but nine months later it was back. The prognosis moving forward was not encouraging.

Emotionally it was very difficult, said Mary Lou. I just thought, I have too much to live for. I have my grandkids and, you know, I love life.

The end, it seemed, was quickly approaching. Youre confronted with the reality, theres no way out, said Steve. Its just a matter of time. And that, in itself, is haunting.

At the darkest hour, despair turned to hope. The Ruscos got a phone call from doctors at the University of Kansas Medical Center.

They told me they thought they had something that might work for me, said Mary Lou. And it was the stem cell transplant, which they hadnt been doing on people over 55 and had only used on babies. And so I was one of the first few to get the umbilical cord (adult stem cell) transplant from KU.

The umbilical cord blood rich in adult stem cells came from two children, a girl from Texas and a boy from Missouri, whose mothers had donated the umbilical cord blood at birth. Once Mary Lous diseased immune system was wiped out by chemotherapy and radiation, the new adult stem cells harvested from the umbilical cord blood were injected into her bloodstream.

But would the transplant work? Time would tell. The post-transplant recovery was a physical and emotional roller coaster lasting nearly four months, requiring nearly round-the-clock care provided by Steve and by Charlotte Steffen, a friend and registered nurse from her church in Wichita, Kansas.

She was my angel, says Mary Lou of Charlottes efforts. Basically she gave up her summer just to be with me and take care of me. Ill be forever grateful.

Slowly but surely, Mary Lou began recovering her strength. She finally returned home to begin living her life again. Because the adult stem cells taken from umbilical cord blood are still maturing, Mary Lous immune system is still developing its shield of protection against diseases and infections. But there is no denying that the adult stem cell transplant saved her life. She spends time with her grandchildren and is in awe of whats happened.

Its a miracle, declares Mary Lou. I mean it truly is a miracle how they can take those little umbilical cord (adult) stem cells and cure leukemia. Because as far as Im concerned, Im cured. They havent said it yet, but I feel like Im cured. Its meant that much to me.

Adult stem cells give you a chance for life, adds Steve. You know, God bless the people that have taken the time to donate their (umbilical cord) stem cells so that others might have an opportunity at life. They gave us a gift and were going to live each day as a blessing.

Source: Stem Cell Research Facts

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Adult Stem Cell Success Story Leukemia | BRMS

Researchers find that fish oil may help with depression – Jill Lopez

A study published inMolecular Psychiatryshows that patient-derived adult stem cells can be used to model major depressive disorder and test how a patient may respond to medication.

Using stem cells from adults with a clinical diagnosis of depression, theUniversity of Illinois at Chicagoresearchers who conducted the study also found that fish oil, when tested in the model, created an antidepressant response.

UIC's Mark Rasenick, principal investigator of the study, says that the research provides a number of novel findings that can help scientists better understand how the brain works and why some people respond to drug treatment for depression, while others experience limited benefits from antidepressant medication.

"It was also exciting to find scientific evidence that fish oil -- an easy-to-get, natural product -- may be an effective treatment for depression," said Rasenick, UIC distinguished professor of physiology and biophysics and psychiatry at the College of Medicine.

Major depressive disorder, or depression, is the most common psychiatric disorder. Around one in six individuals will experience at least one depressive episode in their lifetime. However, antidepressant treatment fails in about one-third of patients.

In the study, the UIC researchers used skin cells from adults with depression that were converted into stem cells at Massachusetts General Hospital and then directed those stem cells to develop into nerve cells. The skin biopsies were taken from two types of patients: people who previously responded to antidepressant treatment and people who have previously been resistant to antidepressants.

When fish oil was tested, the models from treatment-sensitive and treatment-resistant patients both responded.

Rasenick says the response was similar to that seen from prescription antidepressants, but it was produced through a different mechanism.

"We saw that fish oil was acting, in part, on glial cells, not neurons," said Rasenick, who is also a research career scientist at Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and president and chief scientific officer at Pax Neuroscience, a UIC startup company. "For many years, scientists have paid scant attention to glia -- a type of brain cell that surrounds neurons -- but there is increasing evidence that glia may play a role in depression. Our study suggests that glia may also be important for antidepressant action.

"Our study also showed that a stem cell model can be used to study response to treatment and that fish oil as a treatment, or companion to treatment, for depression warrants further investigation," Rasenick said.

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Researchers find that fish oil may help with depression - Jill Lopez

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Outlook With Key Player, Regions, CAGR of 12.2%, and Specification, Cost Analysis, Price and Gross Margin by…

Final Report will add the analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on this industry.

Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Research Report 2015-2026 is a historical overview and in-depth study on the current & future market of the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells industry. The report represents a basic overview of the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market share, status, competitor segment with a basic introduction of key vendors, top regions, product types and end industries. This report gives a historical overview of the Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market trends, growth, revenue, capacity, cost structure, and key drivers analysis.

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The report offers detailed coverage of the Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market which includes industry chain structure, definitions, applications, and classifications. The global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market analysis is provided for the international markets including development trends, competitive landscape analysis, investment plan, business strategy, opportunity, and key regions development status. Development policies and plans are discussed as well as manufacturing processes and cost structures are also analyzed. This report also states import/export consumption, supply and demand Figures, cost, industry share, policy, price, revenue and gross margins.

Pluripotent stem cells are embryonic stem cells that have the potential to form all adult cell types and help in repairing of damaged tissues in the human body. An induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSCs, are taken from any tissue (usually skin or blood) from a child or an adult and is genetically modified to behave like pluripotent stem cells or embryonic stem cells.

iPSCs market is in emerging state mainly due to its ability to make any cell or tissue the body might need to encounter wide range of diseases like diabetes, spinal cord injury, leukaemia or heart disease, these cells can potentially be customized to provide a perfect genetic match for any patient.

Market Analysis and Insights: Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market

The global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market size is projected to reach US$ 92 million by 2026, from US$ 82 million in 2020, at a CAGR of 12.2%% during 2021-2026.

Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Scope and Market Size

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Type and by Application in terms of revenue and forecast for the period 2015-2026.

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Report Scope And Segmentation Table:

Types:

Hepatocytes, Fibroblasts, Keratinocytes, Amniotic Cells, Others,

Applications:

Academic Research, Drug Development And Discovery, Toxicity Screening, Regenerative Medicine,

Key Players:

Fujifilm Holding Corporation, Astellas Pharma, Fate Therapeutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, ViaCyte, Celgene Corporation, Aastrom Biosciences, Acelity Holdings, StemCells, Japan Tissue Engineering, Organogenesis,

CAGR 2021-2026:

12.2%

Market Size 2020:

USD 82 million

Market Size 2026:

USD 92 million

Historical Years:

2015-2019

Base Year:

2019

With tables and figures helping analyze worldwide Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells market growth, this research provides key statistics on the state of the industry and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.

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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Report Contains Following Points in TOC:

Chapter 1: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Product Overview, Market Segment, Size, Sales, Growth Rate, Price by Type

Chapter 2: Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Competition, Sales, Price, Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Types, and Trends by Company

Chapter 3: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors, Product Category, Applications and Specifications, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2026)

Chapter 4: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Status, Size, CAGR, Revenue, Price, Gross Margin and Outlook by Regions

Chapter 5: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Sales, and Share Segment by Application/End Users

Chapter 6: Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Sales, Revenue, Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2026)

Chapter 7: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Upstream Raw Materials, Price, Key Suppliers, Cost Structure, Manufacturing Expenses, Industrial Chain Analysis

Chapter 8: Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors

Chapter 9: Research Findings and Conclusion

Detailed TOC of Global Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market @ https://www.industryresearch.biz/TOC/15898863

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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Market Outlook With Key Player, Regions, CAGR of 12.2%, and Specification, Cost Analysis, Price and Gross Margin by...

COVID-19 Analysis | Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market by Trends, Dynamic Innovation in Technology and 2026 Forecasts – 3rd Watch News

Persistence Market Research (PMR) has published a new research report on canine stem cell therapy. The report has been titled, Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market: Global Industry Analysis 2016 and Forecast 20172026.Veterinary research has been used in regenerative and adult stem cell therapy andhas gained significant traction over the last decade.

Canine stem cell therapy products are identified to have gained prominence over the past five years, and according to the aforementioned research report, the market for canine stem cell therapy will expand at a moderate pace over the next few years.

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Though all animal stem cells are not approved by FDA, veterinary stem-cell manufacturers and university researchers have been adopting various strategies in order to meet regulatory approvals, and streamline and expedite the review-and-approval process. The vendors in the market are incessantly concentrating on research and development to come up with advanced therapy, in addition to acquiring patents.

In September 2017, VetStem Biopharma, Inc. received European patent granted to the University of Pittsburgh and VetStem received full license of the patent then. This patent will eventually provide the coverage for the ongoing commercial and product development programs of VetStem and might be also available for licensing to other companies who are rather interested in this field.

The other companies operating in the global market for canine stem cell therapy are VETherapy Corporation, Aratana Therapeutics, Inc., Regeneus Ltd, Magellan Stem Cells, Animal Cell Therapies, Inc., and Medrego, among others.

According to the Persistence Market Research report, the globalcanine stem cell therapy marketis expected to witness a CAGR of 4.2% during the forecast period 2017-2026. In 2017, the market was valued at US$ 151.4 Mn and is expected to rise to a valuation of US$ 218.2 Mn by the end of 2026.

Burgeoning Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in Dogs to Benefit Market

Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs) are the most prevalent and in-demand adult stem cells owing to their safety profile, ease of harvest, and use and the ability to distinguish into multiple cell lineages. Most early clinical research is focused on adipose stem cells to treat various chronic diseases such as arthritis, tendonitis, lameness, and atopic dermatitis in dogs.

A large area of focus in veterinary medicine is treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs, which becomes more prevalent with age. Globally, more than 20% dogs are suffering from arthritis, which is a common form of canine joint and musculoskeletal disease. Out of those 20%, merely 5% seem to receive the treatment.

However, elbow dysplasia in canine registered a prevalence rate of 64%, converting it into an alarming disease condition to be treated on priority. Thereby, with the growing chronic disorders in canine, the demand for stem cell therapy is increasing at a significant pace.

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Expensive Nature of Therapy to Obstruct Growth Trajectory

Expensive nature and limited access to canine stem cell therapy has demonstrated to be a chief hindrance forestalling its widespread adoption. The average tier II and tier III veterinary hospitals lack the facilities and expertise to perform stem cell procedures, which necessitates the referral to a specialty vet hospital with expertise veterinarians.

A trained veterinary physician charges high treatment cost associated with stem cell therapy for dogs. Generally, dog owners have pet insurance that typically covers maximum cost associated with steam cell therapy to treat the initial injury but for the succeeding measures in case of retreatment, the costs are not covered under the pet insurance. The stem cell therapy is thus cost-prohibitive for a large number of pet owners, which highlights a major restraint to the market growth. Stem cell therapy is still in its developmental stage and a positive growth outcome for the market cannot be confirmed yet.

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COVID-19 Analysis | Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market by Trends, Dynamic Innovation in Technology and 2026 Forecasts - 3rd Watch News

Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells Modulate Cardiac Fibroblast Response via miR-18a in the Heart After Injury – DocWire News

The adult heart following injury such as a myocardial infarction forms a fibrotic scar associated with transformation of resident cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblast, accelerating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Cell therapies provide a novel direction for the enhancement of cardiac structure and function but remain poorly described in terms of the effect on resident cardiac fibroblasts. We have shown cortical bone derived stem cells (CBSCs) exhibit an ability to repair the heart after myocardial injury together with reduced scar formation. Nevertheless, whether CBSCs possess ability to modulate resident fibroblast response after myocardial injury remains untested.

Objective:To determine the effect of secreted factors from CSBCs to attenuate myofibroblast formation in the heart after injury.

Methods and results:CBSCs were injected in mice after myocardial infarction which demonstrated reduced fibrosis as determined by Massons trichrome and Picro-Sirius red staining. In parallel, decreased expression of myofibroblast markers such as Acta2 was observed compared to PBS injected mice. To determine the effect of CBSCs on cardiac fibrosis, adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from C57BL/6 mice, primed with CBSC pre-conditioned media for 12 h, and treated with 10ng TGF- for 48 h to mimic cardiac injury. Decreased expression of Acta2, periostin and CTGF was observed in adult cardiac fibroblasts cultured in CBSC medium compared to control cells. Additionally, analysis of myofibroblast markers such as vimentin and pSMAD/SMAD was also decreased compared to control cells. To determine the mechanism, we looked for enriched miRNA in CBSCs that can mediate anti fibrotic response after injury. Results showed significantly increased expression of miR-18a in CBSCs. The upregulation of miR-18a was also validated in adult fibroblasts treated with CBSCs compared to control cells. Adult fibroblasts treated with mimic for miR-18a followed by TGF- showed significant decrease in myofibroblast formation while miR-18a inhibitor completely inhibited the effect of CBSC medium.

Conclusion:CBSCs reduce fibroblast to myofibroblast transition and differentiation in adult cardiac fibroblasts via miR-18a-5p. This finding reveals a new avenue for cell therapies to target myocardial scar modulation and provides a resolution for the cardiac repair response after injury in the adult myocardium.

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Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells Modulate Cardiac Fibroblast Response via miR-18a in the Heart After Injury - DocWire News

Cord blood banking in Bulgaria: problems of control and continuing insurance – Lexology

Background

The long-term storage of umbilical cord blood (UCB) has gained traction and is increasingly regarded as a form of partial blood insurance. It involves the storage of blood present in the umbilical cord at birth and of tissue left over from the umbilical cord and placenta after birth. Such blood and tissue tend to contain pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These can potentially be used to treat some serious blood and immune system diseases both in the donor (later in life) or in related or unrelated individuals (allogeneic transplantation). Otherwise, HSCs can be collected from the bone marrow (in an invasive procedure involving general anaesthesia) or from peripheral blood (in which case they are found in a much lower circulation).

Cord blood and placentae were historically discarded after birth and indeed in the absence of UCB banking they mostly still are disposed although of course certain cultural practices such as ingestion etc, are applied.

Cord blood can be stored long-term at the temperature range of the liquid phase of nitrogen, generally for up to 25 years - and thats what many private cord blood banking companies (BloodCos) encourage parents to do.

Public storage programmes have been available on a more limited scale since the 1990s, and the blood donated to them is usually controlled by the healthcare provider.

BloodCos promise the parents to retain control over the blood and use it for future treatment, generally of the donor or related family members. The number of BloodCos operating in Bulgaria is rising; 11 licensed private BloodCo offerings were marketed as at January 2020; approximately 20 980 bulgarian families have stored cord blood in BloodCos (*1) (compared to 7 licensed cord blood banks operating in the UK).

This leads to a lot of options to choose from and can be confusing. Parents are often persuaded to sign up by a desire to guarantee the future well-being of their children.

Giving blood and tissue for storage to a BloodCo is costly: a one-off fee between EUR 2,000.00 and EUR 3,500.00, with additional annual fees typically around EUR 100.00.

Given the importance and hope parents attach to the idea of protecting their childrens future health and the relatively large sums of money involved, families who decide to store blood and tissue in a BloodCo must consider how protected their investment is and in what ways are they entitled to control the stored material.

Legal grounds to store blood and tissue from the umbilical cord and placenta

Bulgarian legislation

Pursuant to s. 28 of the Bulgarian Organ, Tissue and Cell Transplantation Act, to be able to store cord blood and tissue legally, a BloodCo must receive informed consent from the childs mother. The consent of the biological or future legal father (if known) is neither sufficient nor required.

However, once whole blood from the placenta is collected, there may be no objection for other parties to enter into a contractual agreement concerning the now removed blood. At this stage, another parent (e.g., the father) or perhaps another relative (e.g., a grandparent) could become a contractual party in relation to a contract dealing with the storage and disposal of cord blood.

Parents often themselves approach a BloodCo in advance of an expected birth and enter into a cord blood storage agreement (often labelled Stem Cells Storage Agreement) (Storage Agreement) which contains the mothers informed consent to the storage. This allows the BloodCo to lawfully extract blood from the umbilical cord and placenta when the baby is born and store it.

Storage Agreement To achieve its advertised or assumed purpose, the Storage Agreement must guarantee that the donor child (when adult) and possibly the parents will be able to use stored material and will have control over it at their discretion within the law.

Example clauses

Control Rights

The Storage Agreement must set out clearly who can control the stored material containing the UCB. This needs to include the right to deal with all or some of the stored material by for example providing it to a treatment provider to develop a treatment; making it available for research; discarding it; requiring its removal or handover (including to other BloodCo). Where appropriate, it ought to detail who has ownership rights over the material. It ought to be clear whether these rights exclusively belong to the

Right to remove and hand over

Given that the Bulgarian market for UCB is small, it may not be able to sustain as many BloodCos purely domestically as are currently offering their service. Mothers giving birth in Bulgaria may then use cross-border providers, typically from elsewhere in the EU. These providers are more likely to have the scale to survive in the market but may either operate facilities in Bulgaria permanently or only intermittently with enough facilities to collect and possibly store but with bigger or more important parts of their business being located elsewhere.

The right to require relocation of the material is therefore especially relevant to a small market such as Bulgaria. Recently, one of the BloodCos, incorporated in Switzerland and operating in Bulgaria, was declared insolvent.

This provoked a lot of questions and confusion about what will happen with the stored material and where it will be relocated, respectively stored. This confusion can be limited if on entering into a Storage Agreement, a parent demands a clause which expressly allows them to relocate the stored material at their discretion.

Provisions by the BloodCo

It is highly advisable that the Storage Agreement contains express provisions on use of the stored UCB. Key protections concern:

For example, one of BloodCo operating in Bulgaria provides that in case of its insolvency, storage will be taken over by a separate independent company. This still needs to be investigated (e.g. is the second BloodCo truly separate or may it be threatened by the insolvency or financial difficulties of the first company). This can be done by the parents or, if they decide, by an experienced lawyer.

Conclusion

The storage of blood and tissue left over in the umbilical cord and placenta is a common occurrence and typically governed by a contractual agreement. Before entering into a Storage Agreement parents should be aware of the risks which arise.

Since the decision to bank cord blood is a form of insurance (i.e., it is intended to deal with a future risk), it is important to make sure that at least basic steps are taken that the agreement is effective. At the same time, in the case of cord blood, these can be dealt with purely contractually, with interesting questions of cross-border insolvency and title also arising.

If parents want the Storage Agreement to serve them well, they must make an informed decision on its terms which also probably requires legal analysis.

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Cord blood banking in Bulgaria: problems of control and continuing insurance - Lexology